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Java Message Service (JMS)Download the JMS example used in this chapter from the OC4. J sample code page on the OTN Web site at. Java clients and Java middle- tier services must be capable of using enterprise messaging systems. Java Message Service (JMS) offers a common way for Java programs to access these systems. JMS is the standard messaging API for passing data between application components and allowing business integration in heterogeneous and legacy environments.
JMS provides two programming models. Point- to- Point—Messages are sent to a single consumer using a JMS queue. Publish and Subscribe—Messages are broadcast to all registered listeners through JMS topics. JMS queues and topics are bound in the JNDI environment and made available to J2.
EE applications. You can choose between several JMS providers, depending on their integration and quality- of- service (QOS) requirements, as follows. Oracle Application Server JMS—A JMS provider that is installed with OC4. J and executes in- memory.
Oracle JMS (OJMS)—A JMS provider that is a feature of the Oracle database and is based on the Streams Advanced Queuing messaging system. Third- Party JMS Providers—You can integrate with the following third- party JMS providers: Web. Sphere MQ, Sonic. MQ, and Swift. MQ. Oracle Application Server JMSOracle.
AS JMS is a Java Message Service that provides the following features. Complies with the JMS 1. Offers a choice between in- memory or file- based message persistence. Provides an exception queue for undeliverable messages. This section covers the following topics.
Configuring Oracle. AS JMS Ports. You can use the Oracle Enterprise Manager 1. Oracle. AS JMS. The default range is between 3. From the OC4. J Home page, select the Administration page, then the Instance Properties column, then Server Properties. Scroll to the Multiple VM Configuration section. Configuring Oracle. AS JMS Destination Objects.
Oracle. AS JMS Destination objects are configured in the jms. Oracle. AS JMS Destination objects can be either queues or topics.
Oracle. AS JMS is already installed with OC4. J, so the only configuration necessary is for the queues, topics, and their connection factories that your applications use. Oracle Enterprise Manager 1.
To edit the jms. xml file directly through Oracle Enterprise Manager 1. Advanced Properties under the Instance Properties column on the Administration page. In this section, choose jms. XML file. Standalone OC4. J configuration—You can configure the default jms. J2. EE_HOME/config/jms. If you want, you can change the name and location of this file.
To modify the name and location of the JMS configuration file, specify the new name and location in the OC4. J server configuration file—J2. EE_HOME/config/server.
The server. xml file designates the name and location of the JMS configuration file through the < jms- config> element. Note: Configuration changes made to Oracle. AS JMS (by modifying jms. OC4. J restart, or shutdown and start.
Figure 3- 1 shows the order in which the elements in the jms. Oracle. AS JMS Configuration File Elements for jms. The jms. xml file defines the topics and queues used. For each Destination object (queue or topic)—you must specify its name (also known as its location) and connection factory in the jms.
The following jms. Oc. 4jjms. Demo demo.
The queue is defined as follows. The name (location) of the queue is jms/demo. Queue. Its queue connection factory is defined as jms/Queue. Connection. Factory. The topic is defined as follows.
The name (location) of the topic is jms/demo. Topic. Its topic connection factory is defined as jms/Topic. Connection. Factory. DOCTYPE jms- server PUBLIC "Oracle. AS JMS server" "http: //xmlns. Queue"> < /queue>.
Queue. Connection. Factory">. < /queue- connection- factory>. Topic"> < /topic>.
Topic. Connection. Factory">. < /topic- connection- factory>.
JMS- events/errors are stored - ->. Note: Because all of these values are defaults, you do not have to configure them. However, the example shows the configuration for the queue, the topic, and their connection factories so that you understand how to configure your own Destination objects and connection factories.
See "Oracle. AS JMS Configuration File Elements for jms. Default Destination Objects. Oracle. AS JMS creates two default Destination objects, as follows. The default queue is defined as jms/demo. Queue. The default topic is defined as jms/demo. Topic. You can use these Destination objects in your code without adding them to the jms.
The default connection factories that are automatically associated with these objects are as follows. Queue. Connection. Factoryjms/Topic. Connection. Factory. Default Connection Factories.
Oracle. AS JMS creates six default connection factories for the XA/non- XA and various JMS domains. You can use these connection factories in your code without adding them to the jms. The only reason to define a new connection factory in the jms.
The default connection factories are as follows. Connection. Factoryjms/Queue. Connection. Factoryjms/Topic.
Connection. Factoryjms/XAConnection. Factoryjms/XAQueue. Connection. Factoryjms/XATopic. Connection. Factory. Thus, if you used only the default connection factories, then you could define only the topic and queues necessary in the jms. The following example defines the jms/demo. Queue and the jms/demo.
Topic. Both of these objects use their respective default connection factories. DOCTYPE jms- server PUBLIC "Oracle. AS JMS server" "http: //xmlns. Queue"> < /queue>. Topic"> < /topic>. JMS- events/errors are stored - ->. Oracle. AS JMS internally creates the default connection factory objects and binds them to the default names within the OC4.
J server where the JMS connection is created. However, you can also redefine the default connection factories to have specific attributes by configuring them in the jms. Steps for Sending a Message. A JMS client sends a JMS message by doing the following.
Retrieve both the configured JMS Destination object (queue or topic) and its connection factory using a JNDI lookup. Create a connection from the connection factory. If you are receiving messages, then start the connection.
Create a session using the connection. Provide the retrieved JMS Destination, create a sender for a queue, or a publisher for a topic. Create the message. Send out the message using either the queue sender or the topic publisher. Close the queue session. Close the connection for either JMS Destination types. Example 3- 1 demonstrates these steps for sending a JMS message.
For the complete example, download the JMS example used in this chapter from the OC4. J sample code page on the OTN Web site at. Note: For simplicity, most of the error code is removed in Example 3- 1. To see the error processing, see the sample code available on the OTN Web site.
Example 3- 1 Oracle. AS JMS Client that Sends Messages to a Queue. The JNDI lookup for Oracle. AS JMS requires that the Oracle. AS JMS Destination and connection factory be defined within the jms. Note: Alternatively, you could use logical names in the JNDI lookup. See "Map Logical Names in Resource References to JNDI Names" for directions.
The only difference between an Oracle. AS JMS client and an OJMS client is the name provided in the JNDI lookup. To make your client independent of either JMS provider, use logical names in the implementation, and change only the OC4. J- specific deployment descriptor.
The dosend method, shown in the following example, sets up a queue to send messages. After creating the queue sender, this example sends out several messages. Retrieve the queue connection factory. Queue. Connection. Factory qcf = (Queue.
Connection. Factory). Queue. Connection. Factory"). // 1b. Retrieve the queue. Queue q = (Queue) ctx. Queue"). // 2. Create the JMS connection. Queue. Connection qc = qcf.
Queue. Connection(). Start the queue connection. Create the JMS session over the JMS connection. Queue. Session qs = qc.
Queue. Session(false. Session. AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE). Create a sender on the JMS session to send messages. Queue. Sender snd = qs.
Sender(q). // Send out messages.. Create the message using the create.
Message method of the. JMS session. Message msg = qs. Message(). //7. Send the message out over the sender (snd) using the. System. out. println("msg: " + " id=" + msg. JMSMessage. ID()).
Close the sender, the JMS session and the JMS connection. Steps for Receiving a Message. A JMS client receives a JMS message by doing the following.